The Social Role of Design on Collaborative Destination Branding: Creating a new journey, a new story for the Waterfall Way, New South Wales, Australia

This paper suggests that collaborative design can be an effective tool to promote social change. A co-design methodology and the results of its application in branding the Waterfall Way (New South Wales, Australia) as an eco- and nature-based tourism destination are presented as an example. The co-design exercise actively involved stakeholders in all stages of the design process, harnessing local tacit knowledge in relation to communication design, stimulating reflection upon what is special about the places, and consequently reinforcing a sense of belonging and the environmental and cultural conservation of place. The achieved results reflect the involvement and ownership of the community towards the design process. However, the application of a collaborative brand design methodology produced more than just a destination brand that is attractive to visitors, in line with local values, ways of living and the environment. It helped to catalyse a social network around tourism, triggering self-organising activity amongst stakeholders, who started to liaise with each other around the emergent regional identity - represented by the new brand they created together. The Waterfall Way branding process is a good example of social construction of shared understanding in and through design, showing that design exercises can have a significant social impact not only on the final product, but also on the realities of people involved in the process. Keywords: Destination Branding; Collaborative Process; Social Design; Self Organising Systems; Sustainable Tourism</p

Abandoning Women to Their Rights: What Happens When Feminist Jurisprudence Ignores Birthing Rights

The goals of the Article are twofold. First, this Article will demonstrate that while birthing rights issues have been familiar areas of concern for feminist scholarship on women\u27s rights to privacy and equality, neglecting to integrate this work into the law school classroom fails to promote effective legal advocacy for pregnant women. The violation of women\u27s rights during childbirth is a more common problem than reported legal opinions indicate, and few lawyers are prepared to protect clients prospectively or to vindicate women\u27s rights post-childbirth

To content and pay : women's economic roles in Edinburgh, Haddington and Linlithgow, 1560-1640

Networks of debt and credit formed a cornerstone of the early modern economy. Nearly all members of society participated in these networks, including women. In northwestern Europe, the resulting debt litigation, and what this can tell us about women's economic roles within and outwith the home, has been well documented and discussed by a number of historians. Yet similar roles played by women in Scotland have received far less attention, particularly for much of the period between 1560 and 1700. This is despite extensive runs of sources with evidence relating to a greater variety of women than many comparable English sources. In these Scottish sources, the roles of not only widows are visible, but also the roles of female domestic servants and married women. The presence of married women in these debt cases, and evidence that they were actively transacting debts both with and largely independent of their husbands, is perhaps the most important aspect to highlight of the records consulted for this study, as in the majority of similar records for this period in northwestern Europe the presence of married women was hidden due their husbands bearing the legal responsibility for their actions. With this veil lifted in some of the Scottish sources, this study is able to engage with women of all marital statuses and so present as clear an image as possible of women's economic roles in the Scottish towns of Edinburgh, Haddington, and Linlithgow between 1560 and 1640. No studies of debt and credit have yet focussed on these three communities in the early modern period, despite the significant volume of extant records which exist for these communities and allow for the fullest examination of women's networks of debt and credit yet conducted in Scotland. This thesis will use evidence taken from debt cases, testaments, and a tax survey to first determine the reasons for which women contracted debts and then use these reasons to explore and assess the role of women in work. These roles include the import, export, and sale of ready-made merchandise, the production and sale of ale, beer, and lace, the rental of property, and the lending of money. It will also explore how female domestic servants emerged and functioned in debt and credit networks, particularly with regard to Edinburgh and its large population of female servants. Further, this thesis brings to light the various marital and social statuses of the women who performed these activities, and proves that whether married, widowed, or never-married, women were vibrant participants in the debt and credit networks that spanned social divides during this period

A Strategic Media selection Framework for Destination Marketers within the Digital Landscape

This masters aims to combine three strands of research, namely destination marketing, digital marketing and media selection. Making it highly context specific, the purpose of the research is to give further insight into destination marketing media selection and provide practitioners with a potential blueprint on making these media selection decisions. This includes traditional as well as digital media, particularly since digital media have gained an important role due to the web becoming the dominant medium for tourism marketing (Miller and Henthorne, 2006 p.54). In all three strands of research, in fact in general marketing literature – the idea of hierarchical and rational planning, decision making and taking of action is strongly supported by academics (Ryan and Jones, 2009 p.24; Hanlan et al., 2006 p.21). However, this is widely ignored by practitioners, despite the urge that it will increase efficiency and prevent strategic drift (Bagaric, 2010, p.237).This seems to be true for various areas of the destination marketing field, however, due to research limitations the focus of this masters has been narrowed to media selection, which in the destination marketing context is yet widely unexplored. It is therefore the declared aim of this research, to give further insight into destination marketing and in particular media selection and propose a conceptual framework on how these media selection decisions could be made. Providing a hierarchical and rational approach, the conceptual framework presented in this thesis proposes to act as a hands-on step-by-step guide to lead practitioners through the media selection process in an appropriate manner. It is classified as a ‘reflective tool’, which in this study refers to its ability to stimulate reflection by providing important aspects of consideration, rather than offering a number of pro-forma solutions. This way, the tool enables practitioners to find their own customized solutions, whilst maintaining a general applicability. Adopting a case study approach, this study further utilizes Delphi technique elements, which have proven in the past to be suitable for the context of tourism and particularly destination marketing. This way, feedback from experts of the industry is directly used for the construction of the proposed media selection tool. It is the author’s firm belief that problem solving theory is the answer to the practical complexity of destination marketing. As a result, this thesis is presented as a first step to close the gap between destination marketing theorists and practitioners and an appeal to all destination marketers to continue to this path through increased dialogue for the future success of this discipline

Beyond Hostile Borders: Re-negotiating the Gendered Embodiment of Resistance and Agency in the film, Some Mother’s Son.

This paper focuses on the re-deployment of gendered bodies as sites of resistance in the Northern Irish conflict It brings together an interdisciplinary mix of Peace, Film and Gender Studies in a close analysis of the film Some Mother's Son (Terry George 1996). In focusing on this film text we are able to identify the extent to which socially patrolled gendered binaries dictated the levels of agency afforded to mothers and their sons in the context of the 1981 Hunger Strike in Northern Ireland. We make explicit connections between the gendered embodiment of resistance and the atrophying effects of fixed notions of rendered violence and power. We argue that the disfigurement and self-harm inscribed upon the bodies of the imprisoned male hunger. strikers enacted a characteristically 'feminine' strategy of resistance. Indeed, the foregrounding of the body in their campaign of resistance also positioned them as in a relatively 'feminised' position in relation to the political (and, ostensibly, 'rational') discourse of those enforcing their incarceration. The subsequent agency and public profile of their mothers, who initially spoke and acted on behalf of their sons, allowed for their exploration of different gender roles and for the adoption of different modes of operation within the wider conflict, leading to altered priorities within the political struggle. The transgressive agency enacted by these mothers challenged longstanding borders between male and female and secular and state, demonstrating that the larger conflict was underpinned by various culturally entrenched hostilities

Conflict Prevention in the Pacific

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